2025 WAEC GCE Agricultural Science Questions And Answers

The West African Examination Council, WAEC GCE, has set the 2025 WAEC GCE Agricultural Science Questions And Answers paper for 4th February 2025. Candidates are now preparing to perform well in the upcoming examination through the help of reliable resources, such as:

1. 2025 WAEC GCE Agricultural Science Questions and Answers
2. WAEC GCE Agricultural Science Expo 2025
3. WAEC GCE First Series Agricultural Science Question 2025
4. WAEC GCE Agricultural Science Answer 2025

If you are one of these candidates, this article has provided the step-by-step guide on how to prepare effectively for access to verified solutions and to succeed in your 2025 WAEC GCE Agricultural Science exam.

2025 WAEC GCE Agricultural Science Questions and Answers

At MasterWAEC, we are committed to the success of candidates. Our platform provides accurate and verified solutions tailored to help you boost your confidence and increase your chances of making high grades like B2, B3, and C’s.

Question 1(a): Discuss the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture under the following headings:

(1ai). Location of its headquarters:

• Oyo State

(1aii). Three target crops:

1. Cassava
2. Maize
3. Yam

(1aiii). Five roles in agricultural development:

1. Research and development.
2. Pest and disease control.
3. Training and capacity building.
4. Soil fertility management.
5. Food security and nutrition.

Question 1(b): State three disadvantages each of using the following sources of power on the farm:

(1bi) Sunlight:

1. Solar energy systems can be expensive to install.
2. Limited availability in regions with long winters.
3. Requires large surface areas for solar panels.

(1bii) Electricity:

1. High consumption costs for large farms.
2. Vulnerability to power outages and interruptions.
3. Requires infrastructure that may not be available in remote areas.

(1biii) Draught Animals

1. Limited by the strength and endurance of the animal.
2. Difficult to transport heavy machinery or large loads.
3. Animals can be prone to illness and injury.

Question 2(a): Draw a well-labelled diagram of the water cycle

Question 2(bi): Explain the term deforestation

Deforestation refers to the large scale clearing or removal of forests or trees, often for agricultural, industrial, or urban development purposes, resulting in the loss of forest cover.

Question 2(bii): Give five reasons why forest trees are important in the environment

1. They provide raw materials such as timber, firewood, and medicinal products.
2. Forests help in controlling climate by influencing local and global temperatures.
3. Trees act as windbreaks, reducing the effects of strong winds and storms.
4. Forests play a role in maintaining water quality by filtering pollutants.
5. They enhance soil fertility through the decomposition of fallen leaves and organic matter.

Question 2(c): Mention five roles of living organisms in the soil

1. Promoting nutrient cycling by breaking down complex organic compounds.
2. Contributing to soil formation through the weathering of rocks.
3. Suppressing soil-borne diseases by outcompeting harmful pathogens.
4. Enhancing soil water retention by improving its structure.
5. Facilitating plant root growth by creating pores and channels in the soil.
6. Recycling essential minerals like phosphorus and potassium.
7. Forming symbiotic relationships (e.g., mycorrhizal fungi) that help plants absorb nutrients more efficiently.

Question 4: (a) Discuss the cultivation of rubber under the following headings:

(ai)
Botanical name: Hevea brasiliensis

(aii)
Two methods of propagation:
(i) Budding
(ii) Stem Cuttings

(aiii)
Soil requirement: Rubber thrives in deep, well-drained, loamy soils with a pH of 4.5–6.5.

(aiv)
Fertilizer application: Apply NPK fertilizers (e.g., 12:6:6) in split doses during the early growth stages and micronutrients as needed.

(av)
Harvesting: Rubber is harvested by tapping ie making incisions on the bark of mature tree to collect latex.

Question 4: (b) Name two insect pests of each of the following crops:

(bi)
Sorghum:

• Stem borer
• Armyworm
• Aphids
• Shoot fly

(bii)
Cassava:

• Cassava mealybug
• Green spider mite
• Whiteflies
• Grasshopper

(biii)
Tomato:

• Tomato fruit borer
• Whiteflies
• Leaf miners
• Aphids

Question 4: (c) State six effects of high temperature in a brooder house

• Heat stress in chicks
• Reduced feed intake
• Dehydration
• Increased water consumption
• Stunted growth
• Increased mortality
• Poor feather development
• Agitation and discomfort
• Reduced immunity against diseases

Question 5: (a) Complete the table below:

Farm animal	Young one	Act of parturition	Number of teats in udder	Oestrus cycle (days)	Gestation period (months)
Goat
Cattle

 

Question 5: (b) Mention four factors that determine the degree of an animal’s resistance to a disease.

(Pick any 4)

• Genetic makeup
• Nutritional status
• Vaccination history
• Hygiene practices
• Age of the animal
• Stress levels

Question 5: (c) Give four reasons why bush burning should be discouraged in West Africa

• Bush burning destroys organic matter, reducing soil nutrients.
• It kills plants, animals, and microorganisms essential for ecosystem balance.
• Smoke from bush burning contributes to air pollution and respiratory health issues.
• It can lead to widespread, uncontrollable wildfires, endangering lives and property.
• Bush burning releases greenhouse gases, worsening global warming.
• It destroys crop residues that serve as livestock feed.

Question 6: The table below illustrates the supply schedule for rice.

Use it to answer questions 6(a) and 6(b).

Price per kg (₦)	Quantity supplied (tonnes)
50	20
100	40
150	50
200	60
250	100

 

Question 6: (a) Draw the supply curve for rice.

Question 6: (b) Determine the price elasticity of supply when the price increases from ₦100 to ₦250

Initial 𝑄𝑠 = 40 tonnes (at ₦100)
Final 𝑄𝑠 = 100 tonnes (at ₦250)
Change in 𝑄𝑠 = 100 – 40 = 60 tonnes
Percentage change in 𝑄𝑠 = 60/40 × 100 = 150%
Initial P = ₦100
Final P = ₦250
Change in P = ₦250 – ₦100 = ₦150
Percentage change in P = 150/100 × 100 = 150%
PES = 150/150 = 1 (unit elastic)

Question 6: (c) Mention four characteristics of a good dairy cow

(PICK ANY FOUR)

• High milk production capacity.
• Well-developed udder with evenly spaced and functional teats.
• Strong and healthy body structure.
• Calm temperament and easy to handle.
• Regular reproductive cycle and high fertility.
• Resistance to common diseases and good overall health.
• Proper feeding habits and efficient feed conversion.

Question 6: (d) List three methods of determining soil texture

• Feel method.
• Sieve analysis.
• Sedimentation method (using water)

2025 WAEC GCE Agricultural Science Past Questions PDF

WAEC AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE QUESTIONS PDF

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