The West African Examination Council (WAEC) has officially set January 31, 2025, as the date for the 2025 WAEC GCE Chemistry Questions And Answers exams. With the date approaching fast, Its essential for candidates to prepare well before the exams.
Many candidates writing the exam are searching for reliable solutions to help them pass their papers with good grades. Popular queries include:
- 2025 WAEC GCE Chemistry Questions and Answers.
- 2025 WAEC GCE Chemistry Objectives Questions and Answers 2025
- 2025 WAEC GCE Chemistry Practical Questions and Answers
If you are looking for verified answers delivered directly to you, this post has got you covered. Below, we share step by step procedures on how to get the CBT 2025 WAEC GCE Chemistry Questions and Answers at least 4 hours before the exam starts.
Contents
2025 WAEC GCE Chemistry Questions And Answers
(1a)
(i) Aluminum nitrate
(ii)Chloric acid
(1b)
Mass of Na₃PO₄ = 355 g
Volume of solution = 3.5 dm³
Molar masses: Na = 23.0, P = 31.0, O = 16.0
Molar mass = (3 × Na) + P + (4 × O)
= (3 × 23.0) + 31.0 + (4 × 16.0)
= 69.0 + 31.0 + 64.0
= 164.0 g/mol
Moles = Mass / Molar mass
= 355 g / 164.0 g/mol
= 2.16 mol
Concentration = Moles / Volume
= 2.16 mol / 3.5 dm³
= 0.617 mol/dm³
(1c) Ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom or ion in its ground state.
(1d) Variation of Ionization Energy Across a Period
Ionization energy increases across a period from left to right in the periodic table. This is because, the nuclear charge increases, pulling electrons closer to the nucleus. The atomic radius decreases, making it harder to remove an electron.
(1e)
(i) H⁺ < H < H⁻
(ii) Cl < P < Si
(1f) Diagram below.
(1g):
(i) Melting/Boiling Point: A pure substance has a sharp, well-defined melting or boiling point.
(ii) Chromatography: A pure substance will show a single spot or peak in chromatography.
(1h)
(i) Higher concentration increases the rate of reaction.
(ii) Increasing temperature increases the rate of reaction.
(1i)
The amount of different substances liberated by the same quantity of electricity passing through different electrolytes is proportional to their chemical equivalent weights.
(2ai)
-The volume of gas molecules is negligible compared to the volume of the container.
-Collisions between gas molecules are perfectly elastic (no energy loss).
(2aii)
Mass of gas = 0.8 g
Volume = 560 cm³ = 0.560 dm³
Temperature (T) = 0 °C = 273 K
Pressure (P) = 1 atm = 101325 N/m²
Gas constant (R) = 8.31 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹
Using the ideal gas equation:
PV = nRT
n = PV / RT
n = (101325 N/m² × 0.560 × 10⁻³ m³) / (8.31 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ × 273 K)
n = 56.742 / 2268.63 = 0.025 mol
Molar mass = Mass / Moles = 0.8 g / 0.025 mol = 32 g/mol
(2b)
(i) Ionization energy increases across a period.
(ii) Oxygen has a lower ionization energy than nitrogen because oxygen has four electrons in the 2p orbital, while nitrogen has three. The extra electron in oxygen causes repulsion, making it easier to remove. Nitrogen has a half-filled 2p orbital, which is more stable and requires more energy to remove an electron.
(2c)
(i) HOCl is acidic: It can donate a proton (H⁺) in solution, forming OCl⁻. The presence of the electronegative chlorine atom makes the O-H bond more polar, facilitating proton donation.
(ii) NaOH is basic: It dissociates in water to form Na⁺ and OH⁻ ions. The OH⁻ ions make the solution basic by accepting protons (H⁺)
*WAEC GCE CHEMISTRY THEORY*
(4a)
(i) Diamond, Graphite.
(ii) In diamond, each carbon atom is bonded to four others in a tetrahedral structure. All electrons are tightly bound, so there are no free electrons to conduct electricity.
(iii)
• In solid NaCl, the ions (Na⁺ and Cl⁻) are held in a fixed lattice structure and cannot move, so there is no flow of charge.
• When NaCl dissolves in water, the ions (Na⁺ and Cl⁻) are free to move, allowing the solution to conduct electricity.
(4b)
(i) Carbon (IV) oxide (CO₂) is a greenhouse gas: It traps heat in the Earth’s atmosphere by absorbing and re-emitting infrared radiation, contributing to global warming.
(ii)
• CaCO₃ —-> CaO + CO₂
• Calcium oxide, Carbon dioxide
(iii)
• Used as a building material and in the production of cement.
• Used to neutralize acidic soils.
(4c)
(i) A mixture of two or more elements, where at least one is a metal, to enhance properties like strength, hardness, or resistance to corrosion.
(ii)
• Brass: Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn)
• Duralumin: Aluminum (Al), Copper (Cu), Magnesium (Mg), and Manganese (Mn)
• Bronze: Copper (Cu) and Tin (Sn)
(4d)
(i) It is widely used as a disinfectant for water purification, swimming pools, and household cleaning. It is also used as a bleach for whitening clothes and removing stains
(ii) Used as table salt for seasoning and preserving food.
Used in the production of chemicals like chlorine and sodium hydroxide
(5ai)
it reacts violently, releasing hydrogen gas and forming sodium hydroxide. The reaction is exothermic, producing heat, and the hydrogen gas ignites, producing a yellow flame.
(5aii)
2Na (s) + 2H₂O (l) → 2NaOH (aq) + H₂ (g)
(5aiii)
The formation of a sodium ion from a sodium atom is an example of oxidation because the sodium atom loses one electron to form a positively charged ion (Na⁺). This loss of electrons is the definition of oxidation.
(5bi)
CS₂ boils at a specific temperature because it is a pure substance with a fixed molecular structure, whereas kerosene is a mixture of hydrocarbons with different molecular structures, resulting in a range of boiling points.
(5bii)
The element with atomic number 18 is Argon, a noble gas. Noble gases do not typically form oxides because they have a full outer energy level, making it difficult for them to react with oxygen.
(5biii)
Chlorine(I) oxide (Cl₂O) has a low melting point because it is a molecular compound with weak intermolecular forces, requiring less energy to break and resulting in a lower melting point.
(5c)
2SO₂ (g) + O₂ (g) ⇌ 2SO₃ (g)
SO₃ (g) + H₂O (l) → H₂SO₄ (l)
(5di)
(i)Coagulation and flocculation
(ii)Sedimentation
(iii)Filtration
(iv)Disinfection
(5dii)
(i)Alum (Al₂(SO₄)₃)
(ii)Chlorine (Cl₂)
(iii)Lime (Ca(OH)₂)
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Kolade Kayode, known as Mr. KK, I am a Nigerian education blogger and founder of MasterWAEC.com. Passionate about student success, I simplifies WAEC exam preparation with accurate tips and resources to help students excel.